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Lactate dehydrogenase levels predict coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity and mortality: A pooled analysis

Brandon Michael Henry1, Gaurav Aggarwal2, Johnny Wong3

  • 1Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|August 2, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in COVID-19 patients predict severe disease and mortality. This finding highlights LDH as a crucial biomarker for assessing coronavirus disease 2019 outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Biochemistry
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic.
  • Identifying predictors of severe COVID-19 outcomes is critical.
  • Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a known marker for poor outcomes in viral infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between elevated LDH levels and COVID-19 disease severity and mortality.
  • To assess LDH as a prognostic biomarker in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Pooled analysis of 9 published studies.
  • Included 1532 patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
  • Examined LDH levels at the earliest hospitalization point.

Main Results:

  • Elevated LDH levels significantly correlated with increased odds of severe COVID-19.
  • Patients with high LDH showed a ~16-fold increased odds of mortality.
  • LDH elevation was associated with a ~6-fold increase in the odds of developing severe disease.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated LDH is a strong predictor of severe disease and mortality in COVID-19 patients.
  • LDH serves as a valuable prognostic biomarker for COVID-19 outcomes.
  • Further research with larger cohorts is recommended to validate these findings.

Keywords:
COVID-19CoronavirusLactate dehydrogenase

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