Laparoscopic Abdominoscrortal Hydrocele: A Case Series

To evaluate the effect of laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure (LPEC) of the internal inguinal ring for the treatment in pediatric abdominoscrotal hydrocele (ASH) and to assess the feasibility and safety of the procedures.

Data were collected from the charts of patients with ASH who underwent surgery in Kokura Medical Center from April 2014 to December 2019. The patients' characteristics, preoperative diagnosis, forms of abdominal components, presence of patent processus vaginalis (PPV), associated pathologies, and postoperative results were evaluated.

The study population included 10 patients (4.3% of all 230 hydroceles). The mean age of 10 patients was 3.5 years (range, 7 months to 7 years). A preoperative diagnosis of ASH was made in 3 patients. In the other 7 patients, ASH was detected during laparoscopic repair of the scrotal hydrocele. The abdominal forms of hydrocele were monolocular cysts (n = 6) and multilocular cysts (n = 4). PPV was detected by laparoscopy in all cases. Six patients had contralateral pathologies, including PPV (n = 4), inguinal hernia (n = 1), and scrotal hydrocele (n = 1). One patient had ipsilateral undescended testis. Preoperative ultrasonography showed some degree of testicular dysmorphism on the affected side in 4 cases. In all cases, treatment was accomplished by closing the PPV at the internal inguinal ring by LPEC procedures. No patients had postoperative complications, including recurrent ASH or hydrocele after ASH repair (mean follow-up, 2.6 years).

LPEC may be an adequate and minimally invasive method for the treatment of the pediatric ASH.