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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Pediatric intestinal failure (PIF) outcomes have improved, revealing new comorbidities like nephrocalcinosis in survivors.
  • Increased renal echogenicity and nephrocalcinosis are observed in long-term PIF survivors, necessitating evaluation of their impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the significance of nephrocalcinosis over time in pediatric intestinal failure (PIF) patients.
  • To assess the impact of nephrocalcinosis on renal function in PIF patients receiving parenteral nutrition.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of PIF patients over a 2-year follow-up period.
  • Assessment of nephrocalcinosis/renal echogenicity via ultrasound (US).
  • Annual monitoring of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), renal tubular function, and parenteral nutrition (PN) parameters.

Main Results:

  • Thirty-eight percent of PIF patients exhibited increased echogenicity or nephrocalcinosis on initial US.
  • No significant difference in eGFR was observed between groups with and without nephrocalcinosis at baseline and 2-year follow-up.
  • Renal tubular function markers remained similar between groups at year 2, indicating no impact from US abnormalities.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of PIF patients on parenteral nutrition develop nephrocalcinosis or increased renal echogenicity.
  • These renal abnormalities, identified by US, did not affect eGFR or renal tubular function over a 2-year follow-up.
  • Nephrocalcinosis in PIF patients does not appear to compromise renal function in the medium term.