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Related Concept Videos

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 13, 2025

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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Latent autoimmune thyroid disease.

Yhojan Rodríguez1,2, Manuel Rojas1,3, Diana M Monsalve1

  • 1Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia.

Journal of Translational Autoimmunity
|August 4, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Latent thyroid autoimmunity affects 15.3% of euthyroid individuals. Risk factors include family history, other autoimmune diseases, vitamin D insufficiency, and environmental exposures like coffee consumption and wood smoke. Early screening is recommended.

Keywords:
Anti-peroxidase autoantibodiesAnti-thyroglobulin autoantibodiesAutoimmune thyroid diseaseEuthyroidismLatent autoimmunity.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Thyroid autoimmunity is a significant factor in thyroid dysfunction.
  • Understanding the prevalence and associated factors in euthyroid individuals is crucial for early detection and management.
  • Euthyroid status does not preclude the presence of thyroid autoantibodies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies in euthyroid subjects.
  • To identify associated sociodemographic, clinical, environmental, and immunological factors.
  • To inform potential screening strategies for latent thyroid autoimmunity.

Main Methods:

  • A stratified sample of 300 euthyroid individuals was selected from a larger cohort.
  • Thyroid function was assessed via TSH and FT4 levels.
  • Serum levels of anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAbs), anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAbs), anti-TSH receptor antibodies (TrAbs), 23 other autoantibodies, and vitamin D were measured.

Main Results:

  • Thyroid autoimmunity was present in 15.3% of participants (TPOAbs: 11.3%, TgAbs: 2.0%).
  • Associated factors included familial thyroid disease, presence of other autoimmune diseases, vitamin D insufficiency, never smoking, high coffee consumption, and wood smoke exposure.
  • Specific autoantibodies (anti-SS-A/Ro52, anti-Ku, anti-CENP-B) and African ancestry were also linked to thyroid autoimmunity.

Conclusions:

  • Latent thyroid autoimmunity is relatively common in euthyroid individuals.
  • Environmental, genetic, immunological factors, and ancestry are significant risk factors.
  • Findings support the implementation of screening strategies for timely diagnosis and treatment.