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Audiologic Status of Children with Confirmed Cytomegalovirus Infection: a Case Series

Ji Hyung Kim1, Kyung Jin Roh2, Gi Sung Nam1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Journal of Korean Medical Science
|August 4, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection can cause sensorineural hearing loss (SHNL) in children, even those initially asymptomatic. Early audiological evaluation is crucial for timely diagnosis and management of CMV-related hearing impairment.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the leading non-genetic cause of pediatric sensorineural hearing loss (SHNL).
  • Many congenital CMV cases are asymptomatic at birth, delaying diagnosis and intervention.
  • A significant percentage of asymptomatic children develop SHNL later in life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hearing status of children with confirmed congenital CMV infection.
  • To review neonatal hearing screening (NHS) histories in relation to CMV-induced hearing loss.
  • To emphasize the importance of audiological assessment in children with CMV.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records for 58 children with confirmed CMV infection.
  • Evaluation of clinical symptoms and signs associated with CMV.
  • Comprehensive audiological testing to assess hearing status.

Main Results:

  • Hearing loss was confirmed in 19% of the 58 children studied.
  • Bilateral hearing loss occurred in 54.5% of affected children, unilateral in 45.5%.
  • Seven children with hearing loss passed neonatal hearing screening, highlighting missed diagnoses.

Conclusions:

  • Hearing loss is a significant complication of pediatric CMV infection.
  • Timely audiological evaluation is essential for children with symptomatic CMV, regardless of NHS results.
  • Early detection and management of CMV-related hearing loss can improve outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
CytomegalovirusHearing LossNewborn Screening

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