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Related Concept Videos

Respiratory Capacities01:24

Respiratory Capacities

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Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
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Lung Capacity01:47

Lung Capacity

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The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
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Respiratory Volumes and Capacities01:22

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities

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The respiratory system is responsible for the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide from the body. Respiratory volumes describe the volume of air in the lungs at different phases of the respiratory cycle. Tidal volume is the air breathed in and out during normal, quiet breathing. Inspiratory reserve volume is the air that can be forcefully inspired beyond the tidal volume. In contrast, expiratory reserve volume refers to the air that can be expelled from the lungs after a normal...
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Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I01:26

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I

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Assessing the respiratory rate and rhythm for a complete minute is crucial for evaluating the breathing pattern. Even a minor increase in the patient's average respiratory rate, by as little as three to five breaths per minute, is an early and vital indicator of respiratory distress. Patients with a respiratory rate exceeding twenty-four breaths per minute require close monitoring to determine the physiological alterations. This careful observation is essential for prompt recognition and...
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Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

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The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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Updated: Dec 13, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
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Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses

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COVID-19 and Intrinsic Capacity.

T Nestola1, L Orlandini, J R Beard

  • 1Matteo Cesari, Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy, macesari@gmail.com; Twitter: @macesari.

The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging
|August 4, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted older adults, accelerating aging processes. Assessing intrinsic capacity can improve understanding of functional decline and vulnerability during health crises.

Keywords:
Agingfrailtygeriatricshealthcarepublic health

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Public Health
  • Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic posed significant risks to older adults, leading to severe illness and death.
  • Pandemic-related measures like lockdowns and social distancing altered living environments, potentially accelerating aging.
  • The World Health Organization's concept of intrinsic capacity is crucial for understanding healthy aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the impact of COVID-19 on individuals' intrinsic capacity.
  • To explore how the intrinsic capacity model can modernize healthcare systems for older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection and pandemic conditions on intrinsic capacity.
  • Discussion of the utility of routine intrinsic capacity assessments for understanding functional trajectories.
  • Analysis of how the intrinsic capacity model can inform healthcare system improvements.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 infection and pandemic-related environmental changes negatively affect intrinsic capacity in older individuals.
  • Intrinsic capacity assessment offers insights into functional vulnerabilities during crises.
  • The intrinsic capacity model provides a framework for adapting health systems to individual needs.

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrably impacted intrinsic capacity, highlighting the vulnerability of older adults.
  • Adopting the intrinsic capacity model can facilitate a more personalized and responsive approach to aging and healthcare.
  • Modernizing health systems around intrinsic capacity can better support individuals through health challenges.