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Updated: Dec 13, 2025

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Attacking quantum key distribution by light injection via ventilation openings.

Juan Carlos Garcia-Escartin1, Shihan Sajeed2,3,4,5, Vadim Makarov4,6,7,8

  • 1Dpto. Teoría de la Señal y Comunicaciones e Ing. Telemática, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.

Plos One
|August 4, 2020
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers demonstrate a new side-channel attack on quantum cryptography systems. By injecting light into optical devices, attackers can potentially leak secret key information, posing a security risk to quantum key distribution and random number generators.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Cybersecurity
  • Applied Physics

Background:

  • Quantum cryptography offers security based on physical laws, theoretically immune to computational attacks.
  • Deviations from ideal assumptions in quantum systems can be exploited by attackers.
  • Side-channel attacks exploit physical leakage rather than algorithmic weaknesses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel side-channel attack exploiting physical vulnerabilities in quantum devices.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of light injection as an attack vector.
  • To assess the security implications for quantum key distribution (QKD) and quantum random number generators (QRNGs).

Main Methods:

  • Experimental demonstration of light injection into optical devices via ventilation holes.

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  • Testing the attack on an ID Quantique Clavis2 quantum key distribution platform.
  • Applying the light injection technique to a prototype quantum random number generator.
  • Main Results:

    • Successful light injection demonstrated, potentially leaking secret key information.
    • The attack was shown to bias the output of a prototype quantum random number generator.
    • Experimental evidence confirms light injection as a viable threat to quantum information processing devices.

    Conclusions:

    • Light injection represents a significant security risk for quantum information processing systems.
    • Current quantum device designs may have vulnerabilities that allow for such side-channel attacks.
    • Addressing light injection vulnerabilities is crucial for the secure development of quantum technologies.