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Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

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Measuring vergence and fixation disparity in 3D space.

Jean Duchesne¹, Olivier A Coubard²

¹Agrocampus Ouest, Centre d'Angers, Angers, France.

The European Journal of Neuroscience

|August 4, 2020

Summary

Vision research now has a complete 3D calculation for fixation disparity, a misalignment of the eyes. This tool precisely measures gaze precision for any stimulus location, enhancing eye-tracking studies.

Keywords:

eye movements eye tracking fixation fixation disparity vergence

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Area of Science:

Vision science
Ophthalmology
Biomedical engineering

Background:

The eyes rarely converge precisely on a target plane, even during fixation of 2D stimuli.
This misalignment, termed fixation disparity, can occur in front of, behind, or vertically relative to the target plane.
Existing mathematical tools for calculating fixation disparity have limitations, especially with modern eye-tracking data.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a comprehensive mathematical calculation for fixation disparity in three-dimensional (3D) space.
To provide vision researchers with a tool to accurately assess gaze precision.
To overcome the limitations of previous methods in handling diverse stimulus locations and eye movements.

Main Methods:

Development of a novel mathematical framework for calculating fixation disparity in 3D.
Integration of eye-tracker coordinate data into the calculation.
Validation of the method across various stimulus depths and eye movement lags (horizontal and vertical).

Main Results:

The new method provides a complete calculation of fixation disparity in 3D space.
It accurately determines the crossing point of the lines of gaze relative to the stimulus plane.
The calculation is independent of stimulus location and accounts for horizontal and vertical eye lags.

Conclusions:

The developed 3D fixation disparity calculation offers a significant advancement for vision research.
It enables precise measurement of gaze accuracy in complex visual environments.
This tool will enhance the study of vergence eye movements and visual perception using modern eye-tracking technology.