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IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
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Related Experiment Video

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Time Multiplexing Super Resolving Technique for Imaging from a Moving Platform
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Ultrafast Phased-Array Imaging Using Sparse Orthogonal Diverging Waves.

Christopher Samson, Robert Adamson, Jeremy A Brown

    IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
    |August 4, 2020
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We developed sparse orthogonal diverging wave imaging (SODWI), a new method for ultrafast ultrasound. SODWI enhances image quality and frame rates for phased-array applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ultrasound imaging
    • Phased-array beamforming
    • Wavefront manipulation

    Background:

    • Conventional ultrasound imaging faces limitations in speed and field of view for phased-array systems.
    • Existing methods like Hadamard-encoded multielement synthetic transmit aperture (HMSTA) have restricted energy delivery.
    • Ultrafast imaging requires advanced techniques to balance resolution, SNR, and frame rate.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and evaluate a novel transmit pulse encoding scheme, sparse orthogonal diverging wave imaging (SODWI).
    • To demonstrate SODWI's advantages over existing methods for phased-array applications.
    • To explore the trade-offs between frame rate and image quality using sparse code selection in SODWI.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed SODWI by combining Hadamard encoding with a diverging wave delay profile.
    • Implemented a synthetic transmit element delay insertion (STEDI) approach within SODWI.
    • Compared SODWI against HMSTA, STEDI-HMSTA, diverging wave imaging (DWI), synthetic aperture (SA), and focused imaging on a 64-channel platform.

    Main Results:

    • SODWI offers a wider field of view compared to HMSTA.
    • The STEDI approach in SODWI significantly improves resolution, grating lobe levels, and SNR over HMSTA.
    • Using a full set of codes, SODWI achieved 2.7 dB higher contrast and 1.8 dB higher SNR than focused imaging, with an 8x increase in frame rate.

    Conclusions:

    • SODWI is a promising technique for ultrafast phased-array imaging.
    • It provides superior performance in terms of resolution, SNR, and frame rate compared to conventional methods.
    • The ability to sparsely select codes allows for dynamic optimization of imaging parameters.