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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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For AAS measurements, samples must be introduced as clear solutions, often requiring extensive preliminary treatment to dissolve materials like soils, animal tissues, and minerals. Common methods for sample preparation include treatment with hot mineral acids, wet ashing, combustion in closed containers, high-temperature ashing, or fusion with reagents.
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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Reverse-Engineering Laboratory Astrophysics: Oxygen Inner-shell Absorption in the ISM.

J García1, E Gatuzz2, T R Kallman3

  • 1Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

AIP Conference Proceedings
|August 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Advanced X-ray spectral modeling now better describes photoionized astrophysical plasmas. Discrepancies in oxygen absorption lines between observations and lab data highlight the need for improved models of interstellar medium oxygen photoabsorption.

Keywords:
32.30.Rj32.80.Aa95.30.Dr95.30.KyISM: abundancesISM: atomsX-rays: ISMX-rays: binariesatomic processes

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Area of Science:

  • Astrophysics
  • Plasma Physics
  • Atomic Physics

Background:

  • Recent advancements in theoretical and numerical frameworks have improved X-ray spectral modeling.
  • A reliable atomic database for inner-shell transitions is now available for relevant ions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss developments in X-ray spectral modeling for photoionized astrophysical plasmas.
  • To analyze oxygen cold absorption in the interstellar medium (ISM).
  • To address discrepancies in neutral oxygen absorption-line positions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing high-resolution astrophysical observations to determine accurate line positions.
  • Adjusting theoretical models for comprehensive interpretation of observed X-ray spectra.
  • Comparing observational data with laboratory measurements.

Main Results:

  • Identified standing discrepancies in neutral oxygen absorption-line positions.
  • Highlighted the need for refined theoretical models based on observational data.
  • Demonstrated the utility of astrophysical observations in validating atomic data.

Conclusions:

  • Current X-ray spectral models require further refinement, particularly for oxygen photoabsorption.
  • The study aims to resolve controversies regarding ISM atomic and molecular fractions.
  • Accurate modeling of oxygen photoabsorption is crucial for understanding ISM composition.