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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

123
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
123
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

145
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
145
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

102
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
102
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

136
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
136
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

116
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
116
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

163
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
163

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 13, 2025

Exergaming in Older People Living with HIV Improves Balance, Mobility and Ameliorates Some Aspects of Frailty
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COVID-19 in the geriatric population.

Justin Roy1, Rohit Jain2, Reshma Golamari2

  • 1Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Division of Internal Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.

International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
|August 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Social isolation and loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic significantly increase morbidity and mortality in older adults. Solutions involve virtual connections, physical activity, and community support to mitigate these risks.

Keywords:
COVID-19geriatric populationlonelinessmitigationsocial isolation

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic has led to widespread social distancing, exacerbating social isolation and loneliness in older adults.
  • Geriatric populations are particularly vulnerable to the adverse psychological and physiological effects of isolation, as evidenced by prior outbreaks.
  • Existing social isolation and loneliness issues in the elderly are amplified by pandemic-related restrictions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the detrimental effects of social isolation and loneliness on mortality in the older population.
  • To predict the susceptibility of the geriatric age group to adverse outcomes during pandemics based on past outbreaks.
  • To propose solutions for mitigating the negative impacts of social distancing on the elderly.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the effects of social isolation and loneliness on geriatric mortality.
  • Analysis of psychological study outcomes from previous outbreaks (SARS, Ebola, H1N1, MERS).
  • Identification of predictive factors for susceptibility in the older population.

Main Results:

  • Worsened social isolation and loneliness are linked to significantly increased morbidity and mortality in the geriatric population.
  • Organizations have implemented networking measures to mitigate detrimental effects.
  • Data collection on unique populations like the geriatric community is crucial for future pandemic preparedness.

Conclusions:

  • Strategies to minimize social isolation and loneliness in older adults are essential.
  • Solutions include virtual interactions, physical activity, remote spiritual practices, and community aid services.
  • Addressing the unique needs of the geriatric population is vital for mitigating adverse outcomes in future global viral outbreaks.