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Common carotid pulsatility is deteriorated by autoimmune thyroiditis in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus - A

Jolanta Neubauer-Geryk1, Melanie Wielicka1, Grzegorz Kozera1

  • 1Clinical Physiology Unit, Medical Simulation Centre, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdansk, Poland.

Physiological Reports
|August 5, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) worsens large artery function in children with type 1 diabetes (DM1). This study found reduced common carotid artery pulsatility in pediatric patients with both conditions, indicating a significant impact of AIT on macrocirculation.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Pediatric Health

Background:

  • Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) often coexists with type 1 diabetes (DM1).
  • DM1 is associated with microcirculatory complications.
  • The impact of coexisting AIT on macrocirculation in pediatric DM1 patients is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of AIT on large artery function in pediatric patients with DM1.
  • To determine if AIT exacerbates macrocirculatory impairment in children with DM1.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative study involving pediatric patients with DM1, DM1+AIT, and healthy controls.
  • Assessment of macrocirculation using pulsatility indices (PIs) of the common carotid artery (CCA) and peripheral arteries.
  • Evaluation of CCA resistance index (RI) and ankle-brachial index (ABI).

Main Results:

  • Children with DM1+AIT showed significantly lower CCA pulsatility index (CCA_PI) and CCA resistance index (CCA_RI) compared to controls.
  • No significant differences in CCA indices were found between DM1 patients (without AIT) and controls.
  • Higher total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels were observed in patients with DM1 and DM1+AIT compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Autoimmune thyroiditis significantly impairs common carotid artery pulsatility in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes.
  • This deterioration is independent of age and diabetes duration.
  • Coexisting AIT may worsen macrocirculatory health in children with type 1 diabetes.

Keywords:
autoimmune thyroiditiscarotid pulsatility indexchildrentype 1 diabetes mellitusvascular aging

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