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Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
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Phonemic contrasts under construction? Evidence from Basque.

Saioa Larraza1,2, Monika Molnar3,4, Arthur G Samuel2,5,6

  • 1University of the Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.

Infancy : the Official Journal of the International Society on Infant Studies
|August 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infants do not automatically discriminate subtle speech sounds, even with early exposure. Native language experience is crucial for developing phonemic discrimination skills in babies.

Keywords:
Basque sibilant consonantsbilingualismhabituation procedureinfantsphonemic discrimination

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Linguistics
  • Auditory Perception

Background:

  • Attunement theories posit native-language exposure shapes infant phonemic discrimination.
  • Acoustic-perceptual salience and language experience are key factors in speech perception development.
  • Early identification of speech sound contrasts is critical for language acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of acoustic-perceptual salience and language-specific experience in discriminating subtle Basque sibilant contrasts.
  • To assess discrimination abilities in infants aged 6-7 months and 11-12 months with varying levels of Basque and Spanish exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Employed the infant-controlled habituation procedure to test speech sound discrimination.
  • Assessed discrimination of acoustically subtle Basque sibilant contrasts in two infant age groups.
  • Quantified infant discrimination behavior based on linguistic exposure.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in discrimination behavior were observed based on infants' linguistic experience.
  • Infants in both age groups demonstrated poor discrimination of the tested Basque sibilant contrasts.
  • Findings align with adult Basque speakers' difficulty with these specific contrasts.

Conclusions:

  • Perceptual discrimination of subtle speech sound contrasts may not be innate and follows a distinct developmental path.
  • Increased native-language exposure appears necessary for developing the ability to discriminate challenging phonemic contrasts.
  • Acoustic-perceptual salience alone does not guarantee early discrimination of all phonemic contrasts.