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Related Concept Videos

Surface Tension and Surface Energy01:16

Surface Tension and Surface Energy

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When a paint brush is immersed in water, the bristles wave freely inside the water. When it is taken out, the bristles stick together. The reason behind this effect is surface tension.
Consider a beaker filled with liquid. The bulk molecules in the liquid experience equal attractive forces on all sides with the surrounding molecules. However, the surface molecules experience a net attractive force downward due to the bulk molecules. The surface of the liquid behaves like a stretched membrane,...
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Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
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Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
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Accurate Determination of the Equilibrium Surface Tension Values with Area Perturbation Tests
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All-Fiber Measurement of Surface Tension Using a Two-Hole Fiber.

Jose R Guzman-Sepulveda1, Daniel A May-Arrioja2, Miguel A Fuentes-Fuentes2

  • 1Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV Unidad Monterrey), Apodaca, Nuevo Leon 66600, Mexico.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 6, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an all-fiber method for measuring liquid surface tension using a two-hole fiber (THF). The technique tracks Fresnel reflections during bubble formation, enabling accurate surface tension determination.

Keywords:
fiber optic sensoroptical sensing and sensorsoptofluidic sensorremote sensingspecialty fibersurface tension

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Area of Science:

  • Fiber optics
  • Surface science
  • Fluid dynamics

Background:

  • Surface tension is a critical property of liquids influencing various physical phenomena.
  • Traditional methods for surface tension measurement can be complex and require specialized equipment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a novel, all-fiber optic approach for measuring surface tension.
  • To utilize a specialized two-hole fiber (THF) for both bubble generation and optical measurement.

Main Methods:

  • Employing a two-hole fiber (THF) as a capillary channel for controlled gas injection.
  • Monitoring Fresnel reflection changes at the fiber's end facet to detect bubble formation and detachment.
  • Analyzing the characteristic times of bubble dynamics to retrieve surface tension values.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated the feasibility of measuring surface tension using the all-fiber approach.
  • Correlated bubble formation and detachment dynamics with measurable optical signals (Fresnel reflection).
  • Obtained accurate surface tension values by analyzing the pulse trains generated during bubble cycling.

Conclusions:

  • The presented all-fiber method offers a simplified and efficient way to measure surface tension.
  • The two-hole fiber (THF) serves as an effective integrated platform for bubble generation and optical sensing.
  • This technique holds potential for in-situ and real-time surface tension monitoring in various applications.