All-Fiber Measurement of Surface Tension Using a Two-Hole Fiber

An all-fiber approach is presented to measure surface tension. The experimental realization relies on the use of a specialty fiber, a so-called two-hole fiber (THF), which serves a two-fold purpose: providing a capillary channel to produce bubbles while having the means to measure the power reflected at the end facet of the fiber core. We demonstrate that provided a controlled injection of gas into the hollow channels of the THF, surface tension measurements are possible by simply tracking the Fresnel reflection at the distal end of the THF. Our results show that the characteristic times involved in the bubble formation process, from where the surface tension of the liquids under test is retrieved, can be measured from the train of pulses generated by the continuous formation and detachment of bubbles.