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An Update on Meningococcal Vaccination

Joseph M Garland1

  • 1Medical Director, The Infectious Diseases and Immunology Center at The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI; Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI.

Rhode Island Medical Journal (2013)
|August 6, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Meningococcal vaccines protect against severe meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis. Updated vaccination schedules are recommended for children, teens, and college students to prevent outbreaks.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Neisseria meningitidis causes life-threatening meningitis with severe sequelae.
  • Epidemic regions like Africa's meningitis belt have higher rates due to specific serogroups.
  • Serogroup B meningococcus is a primary cause of outbreaks in crowded US settings, such as college dormitories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current meningococcal meningitis vaccines.
  • To provide guidance on vaccination schedules and usage for different populations.
  • To emphasize the importance of vaccination for preventing meningococcal disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of meningococcal vaccines.
  • Analysis of vaccine efficacy and indications.
  • Summary of current vaccination recommendations.

Main Results:

  • Two conjugate vaccines against serogroups A, C, W, and Y are available for childhood vaccination and travelers.
  • Two brands of serogroup B meningococcal vaccines are now available for children and adolescents.
  • Vaccination with both ACWY and serogroup B vaccines is recommended for college-bound individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive meningococcal vaccination is crucial for preventing meningitis.
  • Updated recommendations ensure protection against prevalent serogroups.
  • Vaccination strategies should be tailored to individual risk and regional epidemiology.
Keywords:
Neisseria meningitidisconjugate meningococcal vaccinationmeningitis serogroup Bmeningitis vaccineserogroups ACWY

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