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Nb₃Sn multicell cavity coating system at Jefferson Lab.

G Eremeev¹, W Clemens¹, K Macha¹

¹SRF R&D, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|August 6, 2020

Summary

Researchers developed a new niobium-tin (Nb3Sn) coating system for superconducting radio frequency niobium cavities. This advancement aims to improve accelerator performance for scientific discovery and industrial applications.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Accelerator Physics
Superconductivity

Background:

Superconducting radio frequency niobium cavities are crucial for modern particle accelerators.
Enhancing cavity performance (lower resistance, higher fields, higher temperatures) is key for future scientific and industrial applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and evaluate a novel coating system for creating niobium-tin (Nb3Sn) films on the inner surfaces of niobium cavities.
To assess the impact of Nb3Sn coatings on the radio frequency properties of accelerator cavities.

Main Methods:

A niobium retort was used to heat niobium cavities via radiation.
The niobium surface was exposed to tin (Sn) and tin(II) chloride (SnCl2) vapor during a heat cycle to form a ~2 μm Nb3Sn film.
Characterization of film composition, structure, and radio frequency performance.

Main Results:

Successful fabrication of a ~2 μm thick Nb3Sn film on the inner surface of niobium cavities.
Demonstrated the feasibility of the coating system for both research and development (R&D) and practical accelerator cavities.
Radio frequency properties of coated cavities were evaluated.

Conclusions:

The developed Nb3Sn coating system offers a promising method for enhancing superconducting radio frequency cavities.
This technology could lead to improved performance in scientific accelerators and cost-effective industrial solutions.