[Tuberculous Spondylitis - Diagnosis and Management]

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Orthopedic Surgery
• Public Health

Background:

• Tuberculosis (TB) incidence is decreasing in Switzerland.
• Tuberculous spondylitis (spinal TB) diagnosis frequency remains stable.
• This condition often affects the elderly, immunocompromised, and immigrants from endemic areas.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of modern diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for tuberculous spondylitis in Switzerland.
• To highlight the challenges in diagnosing and managing this chronic TB manifestation.
• To emphasize the importance of timely intervention.

Main Methods:

• Review of current diagnostic approaches for tuberculous spondylitis.
• Analysis of established and emerging therapeutic interventions, including antibiotic therapy and surgical options.
• Discussion of management strategies tailored to patient populations in Switzerland.

Main Results:

• Tuberculous spondylitis presents with 'cold abscesses', neurological deficits, and kyphotic deformity.
• Delayed diagnosis is common, increasing morbidity and treatment complexity.
• Effective management involves essential antibiotic therapy and tailored surgical interventions.

Conclusions:

• Modern management of tuberculous spondylitis requires a comprehensive approach combining medical and surgical expertise.
• Addressing diagnostic delays is critical for improving patient outcomes.
• Understanding the specific epidemiology in Switzerland informs targeted public health strategies.