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Neuro-Ophthalmological Manifestations of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Current Perspectives
Armin Farahvash1, Jonathan A Micieli2,3,4
1Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Eye and Brain
|August 6, 2020
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to neuro-ophthalmic diseases like NAION. Early OSA diagnosis and polysomnography are crucial for managing NAION risk and preventing fellow-eye involvement.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Ophthalmology
- Sleep Medicine
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) significantly impacts quality of life and systemic health.
- OSA is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for neuro-ophthalmic conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the relationship between OSA and neuro-ophthalmic diseases, particularly non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).
- To evaluate the necessity of polysomnography in NAION patients and discuss OSA's link with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).
Main Methods:
- Literature review and analysis of existing studies on OSA and neuro-ophthalmic conditions.
- Examination of the association between OSA, NAION, glaucoma, stroke, and IIH.
Main Results:
- A strong association exists between OSA and NAION; OSA diagnosis increases NAION risk.
- Non-compliance with CPAP is a risk factor for fellow-eye NAION.
- The link between OSA and IIH is less clear, with insufficient evidence for routine screening.
Conclusions:
- Formal polysomnography evaluation is recommended for all NAION patients.
- Routine eye exams for papilledema in OSA patients are not currently recommended.
- Sleep study decisions for IIH patients should be clinician-dependent.
Keywords:
glaucomaidiopathic intracranial hypertensionischemic optic neuropathynon-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathyoptic nervestrokeMore Related Videos
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