Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 12, 2025
High-throughput Flow Cytometry Cell-based Assay to Detect Antibodies to N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor or Dopamine-2 Receptor in Human Serum
Published on: November 23, 2013
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis concomitant with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody diseases: A
Li Du1,2,3, Huabing Wang1,2,3, Heng Zhou1,2,3
1Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100070.
Abstract:
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARe) can coexist with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-ab) disease.To characterize MOG-ab disease during NMDARe, we analyzed all the patients with MOG-ab disease and NMDARe from our hospital from December 2018 to December 2019 and data from a systematical review of previously published reports. Details of the patients identified were summarized and literature was reviewed.Four of thirty (14.2%) patients with anti-NMDARe had overlapping MOG-ab disease in our department. Analyze together with previously reported cases. Thirty-two NMDARe patients had overlapping MOG-ab disease. The onset age ranged from 3 to 48 years. Twenty-four patients (74%) developed abnormal behavior or cognitive dysfunction during the episodes of anti-NMDARe. None of these patients had tumors. 84% (27/32) patients received high doses of steroids as first-line immunotherapy and 28% (9/32) received mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) to prevent relapse. Twenty-six of twenty-seven (96%) had a good outcome.Steroids are the most common first-line immunotherapies in NMDARe overlapping MOG-ab disease. Most of the NMDARe patients overlapping MOG-ab disease have a good prognosis.
Insights
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARe) can co-occur with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-ab) disease. Most patients with overlapping conditions show good outcomes with steroid treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Neurology
Background:
- Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARe) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-ab) disease are distinct autoimmune neurological disorders.
- Coexistence of NMDARe and MOG-ab disease presents unique clinical challenges and diagnostic considerations.
Observation:
- A study identified 32 patients with coexisting NMDARe and MOG-ab disease, with onset ages ranging from 3 to 48 years.
- Over 74% of these patients experienced abnormal behavior or cognitive dysfunction during NMDARe episodes.
- No tumor comorbidity was observed in the studied NMDARe patients with MOG-ab disease.
Findings:
- High-dose steroids were the primary first-line immunotherapy in 84% of cases.
- Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) was used for relapse prevention in 28% of patients.
- A significant 96% of patients achieved a good outcome following treatment.
Implications:
- Steroids are confirmed as a common and effective first-line immunotherapy for overlapping NMDARe and MOG-ab disease.
- The findings suggest a generally favorable prognosis for NMDARe patients who also have MOG-ab disease.
- Further research may elucidate optimal treatment strategies for this specific patient cohort.
