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Innate immune function of serine/threonine-protein kinase from Macrobrachium rosenbergii in response to host-pathogen

Gayathri Ravichandran1, Mukesh Pasupuleti2, Mariadhas Valan Arasu3

  • 1SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Fish & Shellfish Immunology
|August 8, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Researchers discovered a new antimicrobial peptide, MrSL-19, from Macrobrachium rosenbergii (shrimp) serine/threonine-protein kinase (STPK). This peptide effectively combats drug-resistant bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus without harming host cells.

Area of Science:

  • Aquaculture
  • Immunology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Rising antimicrobial resistance poses significant threats to aquaculture health.
  • Conventional antibiotics and chemicals accelerate the development of resistant strains.
  • Harnessing innate immune mechanisms offers a safer alternative for host protection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the innate immune function of serine/threonine-protein kinase (STPK) in the shrimp Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Mr).
  • To identify and characterize novel antimicrobial peptides from MrSTPK with potential to combat drug-resistant bacteria.

Main Methods:

  • In-silico protein analysis to identify potential antimicrobial peptides.
  • Antimicrobial assays to evaluate peptide efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus.
  • Flow cytometry (FACS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to analyze peptide-host interaction.
  • Cytotoxicity studies on HEK293 cells and human erythrocytes.

Main Results:

  • Identification of a cationic antimicrobial peptide, MrSL-19, from M. rosenbergii STPK.
  • MrSL-19 demonstrated potent inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus, likely through membrane interaction.
  • Toxicological assessments confirmed MrSL-19 is non-toxic to HEK293 cells and human erythrocytes.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights the significant innate immune role of STPK in M. rosenbergii.
  • MrSL-19 is an effective and safe cationic antimicrobial peptide with potential applications in aquaculture disease management.
Keywords:
Cationic antimicrobial peptideInnate immunityMacrobrachium rosenbergiiMembrane disruptionSerine threonine-protein kinase

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