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Group B streptococcal cellulitis in infants: a disease modified by prior antibiotic therapy or hospitalization?

T H Rand1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle.

Pediatrics
|January 1, 1988
PubMed

Insights

Hospitalization and IV antibiotic treatment may increase the risk of group B streptococcal cellulitis in infants. This finding is crucial for understanding and preventing invasive group B streptococcal infections.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of serious infections in newborns and infants.
  • Late-onset GBS infections typically manifest after two weeks of age.
  • Cellulitis is a less common but significant manifestation of GBS infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential risk factors for group B streptococcal cellulitis in hospitalized infants.
  • To compare characteristics of infants with GBS cellulitis to other late-onset GBS infections.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 78 cases of GBS infections in children from 1981-1985.
  • Identification of five cases of GBS cellulitis in infants.
  • Analysis of patient history, including prior antibiotic treatment and previous GBS infections.

Main Results:

  • Five cases of GBS cellulitis were identified in infants aged 4-11 weeks.
  • All infants with GBS cellulitis had prior hospitalization and intravenous antibiotic treatment.
  • A significantly higher proportion of infants with GBS cellulitis received prior IV antibiotics compared to other late-onset GBS infections (P < .001).

Conclusions:

  • Hospitalization and parenteral antibiotic therapy may represent a risk factor for developing group B streptococcal cellulitis.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms behind this association.
  • These findings may inform strategies for preventing GBS infections in vulnerable infant populations.

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