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COVID-19 and the Kidney: From Epidemiology to Clinical Practice

Ida Gagliardi1, Gemma Patella1, Ashour Michael1

  • 1Renal Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|August 8, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) significantly impacts kidney health, leading to acute kidney injury (AKI) in many patients. This review explores the renal aspects of COVID-19, including its effects on chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has led to a global pandemic with significant mortality.
  • A substantial percentage of deceased COVID-19 patients had pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection, associated with poorer outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the renal manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • To investigate the role of SARS-CoV-2 in the development and progression of kidney damage.
  • To provide insights into the management of kidney-related complications in COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on renal aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data, etiology, and pathophysiology of kidney damage.
  • Examination of histopathology, clinical features, and management strategies.

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 infection presents significant renal challenges, including AKI.
  • Patients with pre-existing CKD are particularly vulnerable.
  • The virus contributes to the development and worsening of kidney damage.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the renal impact of SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for patient management.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms of kidney injury.
  • Effective prevention and containment strategies are essential for mitigating renal complications.

Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2acute kidney injurydialysispandemicrenal transplantation

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