Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

4.4K
The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
4.4K
Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response01:15

Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response

261
Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
The time of drug administration is an important factor to consider, as it can influence the toxic dose of a drug. For example, a study conducted by Prins et al. in 1997 examined the effects of the timing of...
261

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Early risk stratification of late-onset sepsis in very preterm infants by intestinal microbiota profiling: a multicenter case-control validation study.

Gut microbes·2026
Same author

Critically Ill Children Show Disrupted Sleep Patterns and Atypical Electroencephalograms: An Observational Cohort Study.

Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)·2026
Same author

Diurnal rhythms in melatonin and cortisol in very preterm human milk.

Frontiers in nutrition·2026
Same author

Fetal pulmonary vascular volume is impaired in mothers with early onset preeclampsia - a proof of concept study.

Pregnancy hypertension·2026
Same author

Reduced thyroid hormone transport in a human placental model with inhibited MCT8.

European thyroid journal·2026
Same author

Supplemental Oxygen Strategies in children with BronchoPulmonary Dysplasia (the SOS BPD study): statistical analysis plan for a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Trials·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 12, 2025

An Efficient Single—Person Technique for Milk Sampling from Laboratory Mice
04:56

An Efficient Single—Person Technique for Milk Sampling from Laboratory Mice

Published on: March 28, 2025

1.3K

Circadian Variation in Human Milk Composition, a Systematic Review.

Merel F Italianer1, Eva F G Naninck2, Jorine A Roelants3

  • 1Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Nutrients
|August 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Human milk composition varies daily, with circadian fluctuations in components like tryptophan and melatonin aiding infant biological clock development. This review synthesizes 71 such components, highlighting their role in infant growth.

Keywords:
biorhythmsbreast milkchrono-nutritioncircadian clockdiurnal variationslactation

More Related Videos

Milk Collection in the Rat Using Capillary Tubes and Estimation of Milk Fat Content by Creamatocrit
07:38

Milk Collection in the Rat Using Capillary Tubes and Estimation of Milk Fat Content by Creamatocrit

Published on: December 16, 2015

12.9K
A Method for Targeted 16S Sequencing of Human Milk Samples
09:09

A Method for Targeted 16S Sequencing of Human Milk Samples

Published on: March 23, 2018

10.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 12, 2025

An Efficient Single—Person Technique for Milk Sampling from Laboratory Mice
04:56

An Efficient Single—Person Technique for Milk Sampling from Laboratory Mice

Published on: March 28, 2025

1.3K
Milk Collection in the Rat Using Capillary Tubes and Estimation of Milk Fat Content by Creamatocrit
07:38

Milk Collection in the Rat Using Capillary Tubes and Estimation of Milk Fat Content by Creamatocrit

Published on: December 16, 2015

12.9K
A Method for Targeted 16S Sequencing of Human Milk Samples
09:09

A Method for Targeted 16S Sequencing of Human Milk Samples

Published on: March 23, 2018

10.2K

Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Human Lactation Biology
  • Neonatal Nutrition

Background:

  • Human milk composition is dynamic, adapting to infant needs and varying throughout the day.
  • Circadian variations in human milk components may transfer chronobiological information to neonates.
  • Understanding these daily changes is crucial for infant development and establishing biological rhythms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of research on human milk components exhibiting circadian variation.
  • To identify specific milk components with documented daily fluctuations.
  • To explore the potential role of these variations in infant development.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of studies measuring human milk component concentrations multiple times within 24 hours.
  • Extraction of study characteristics including gestational age, lactation stage, and analytical methods.
  • Assessment of methodological quality using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Main Results:

  • 83 reports analyzing 71 human milk components with circadian variation were included.
  • Significant daily fluctuations were observed in tryptophan, fats, triacylglycerol, cholesterol, iron, melatonin, cortisol, and cortisone.
  • High heterogeneity and variable methodological quality were noted across studies.

Conclusions:

  • Circadian variations in specific human milk components are well-documented.
  • These diurnal changes likely influence infant growth and the development of the biological clock.
  • Further research with consistent methodologies is needed to fully elucidate these effects.