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Published on: September 5, 2017
Estimated Latent Tuberculosis Infection Prevalence and Tuberculosis Reactivation Rates Among Non-U.S.-Born Residents
Rachel Yelk Woodruff1, Andrew Hill2, Suzanne Marks2
1Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Mailstop U.S.12-4, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA. zex5@cdc.gov.
Abstract:
Increased testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among US-residents who were born (or lived) in countries with high rates of TB can hasten progress toward TB elimination. We calculated LTBI prevalence using QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube results from the 2011 to 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). LTBI prevalence was highest for persons born in India (31.7%, 95% confidence interval [21.2, 44.5]). Non-Hispanic white persons had the lowest LTBI prevalence (6.3% [1.9, 18.9]). TB reactivation rate, defined as the number of TB cases not associated with recent transmission per 100 person-years of life with LTBI, was highest for persons born in Vietnam [0.183 (0.117, 0.303)]. Reactivation rates were lower among persons who had resided in the United States for ≥ 10 years than among those who had resided for < 10 years. Results among high risk populations can guide LTBI targeted testing and treatment among non-U.S.-born residents.
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