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Related Concept Videos

Mixing Concrete01:30

Mixing Concrete

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Concrete mixing ensures a homogenous blend where aggregates are well-coated with cement paste. Concrete mixing is typically done using two main types of mixers: batch and continuous. Batch mixers handle one batch at a time, thoroughly combining materials before discharging and receiving the next batch. In contrast, continuous mixers receive a steady flow of ingredients, mixing them consistently and discharging without interruption. Within batch mixers, tilting drum mixers mix with internal...
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Mixing Time01:19

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The concept of mixing time is significant in producing a uniform concrete mix with the required strength. The mixing period starts once all components are in the mixer. Initially, the mixer is charged with 10% of the water, followed by the consistent addition of solids and then 80% of the water. The remaining water is added later, within the first quarter of the mixing period. The minimum mixing time varies according to the mixer's capacity; for example, mixers with up to 1 cubic yard...
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Geometric Mean01:15

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The mean is a measure of the central tendency of a data set. In some data sets, the data is inherently multiplicative, and the arithmetic mean is not useful. For example, the human population multiplies with time, and so does the credit amount of financial investment, as the interest compounds over successive time intervals.
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Geometric Sequences01:30

Geometric Sequences

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In systems where values diminish by a constant proportion at each stage, the resulting sequence follows a geometric structure. Each new value in the sequence is obtained by applying a fixed multiplier to the preceding term. This regular, proportional decline type is often used to represent processes involving gradual loss, such as energy dissipation or reduction in amplitude over time.When analyzing the total effect of such a process across unlimited iterations, the series of values is referred...
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Design Example: Aggregate Gradation01:24

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The right type and quality of aggregates are crucial for concrete as they significantly influence its properties, mix proportions, and cost-effectiveness. If different sources are available for sand, the commonly used fine aggregate in concrete, the selection of sand is primarily based on its gradation.
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Segregation in Fresh Concrete01:16

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Segregation in fresh concrete is a phenomenon where the components of the concrete mix separate, leading to uneven distribution and compromised structural integrity. This separation typically occurs when concrete is subjected to excessive horizontal movement within forms, or when it is dropped from considerable heights or forced through narrow, winding paths. As a result, heavier coarse aggregate particles settle at the bottom, while lighter, finer materials such as cement and water rise to the...
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Related Experiment Video

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Quantifying Mixing using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Quantifying Mixing using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: January 25, 2012

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Geometric mixing.

Jorge Arrieta1, Julyan H E Cartwright2,3, Emmanuelle Gouillart4

  • 1Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, CSIC-Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07190 Esporles, Spain.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|August 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Discover how geometric phases enable effective fluid mixing in Stokes flows. This research explains geometric mixing, overcoming the time-reversible nature of low Reynolds number fluid dynamics.

Keywords:
belly phasefluid mixinggeometric phasejournal-bearing flow

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Physics
  • Rheology

Background:

  • Fluid mixing often relies on periodic actions.
  • Low Reynolds number (Stokes flow) reciprocating motions typically result in cycles of mixing and unmixing due to time-reversible physics.
  • Molecular diffusion is the primary mixing mechanism in such scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how fluid mixing can be achieved in time-reversible Stokes flows.
  • To introduce and discuss the concept of geometric mixing.
  • To explain the role of geometric phases in fluid dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of fluid dynamics at low Reynolds numbers.
  • Discussion of geometric phases and their properties in physical systems.
  • Application of geometric phase principles to fluid mixing scenarios.

Main Results:

  • Periodic motions in Stokes flow do not inherently cause mixing due to time reversibility.
  • Geometric phases, a phenomenon where system variables do not return to original values after a parameter circuit, offer a mechanism for mixing.
  • This phenomenon is termed 'geometric mixing'.

Conclusions:

  • Geometric phases provide a novel mechanism for achieving fluid mixing in Stokes flows.
  • Geometric mixing offers a way to overcome the limitations of time-reversible fluid dynamics.
  • The study contributes to understanding complex fluid behavior and phase dynamics.