Fate and behaviour of weathered oil drifting into sea ice, using a novel wave and current flume

Increased knowledge about the fate and behaviour of weathered oil in different sea ice conditions is essential for our ability to model oil spill trajectories in ice more precisely and for oil spill response decision making in northern and Arctic areas. As part of the 3-year project: "Fate, Behaviour and Response to Oil Drifting into Scattered Ice and Ice Edge in the Marginal Ice Zone", a novel wave and current flume was built to simulate these processes in the laboratory. This paper discusses some of the findings from this project, which included Marine Gas Oil and four Norwegian crude oils. All crude oils were weathered prior to testing, simulating having drifted on the sea surface for a period (tentatively 1-3 days) before encountering ice. The build-up of oil drifting against an ice barrier and horizontal and vertical migration of oil droplets under solid ice and in frazil ice was studied.