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Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 12, 2025

In Vivo Morphometric Analysis of Human Cranial Nerves Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Menière's Disease Ears and Normal Hearing Ears

In Vivo Morphometric Analysis of Human Cranial Nerves Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Menière's Disease Ears and Normal Hearing Ears

Published on: February 21, 2018

Diagnostic Accuracy of MRI-Based Morphometric Parameters for Detecting Olfactory Nerve Dysfunction.

M K Lee^1,2, J H Lee³, J H Kim⁴

¹From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (M.K.L., J.H.L., H.K., L.J., M.K., S.J.C., C.H.S., S.R.C., Y.J.C., J.H.B.).

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology

|August 9, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can objectively assess olfactory dysfunction using olfactory bulb height. This morphometric parameter shows high diagnostic performance for detecting olfactory dysfunction, regardless of patient age.

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A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function

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Published on: July 30, 2017

Area of Science:

Neurology
Radiology
Ophthalmology

Background:

Olfactory dysfunction is a common neurological disorder affecting cranial nerves.
Current assessment lacks simple, objective morphometric criteria.
Objective measures are needed for accurate diagnosis and management of olfactory loss.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the diagnostic performance of MR imaging morphometric parameters for detecting olfactory dysfunction.
To identify reliable imaging biomarkers for olfactory bulb abnormalities.
To establish objective criteria for assessing olfactory impairment using MRI.

Main Methods:

Prospective study including patients with olfactory symptoms and controls.
Olfactory bulb morphometry (3D) and concavity assessed via MR imaging by blinded neuroradiologists.
Diagnostic performance evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Main Results:

Olfactory bulb height was significantly different between patients and controls, even after age adjustment (AUC = 0.87).
Olfactory bulb height demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance among all assessed parameters.
High inter- and intrareader agreement was observed for morphometric measurements.

Conclusions:

MR imaging morphometric analysis, particularly olfactory bulb height, can effectively differentiate individuals with olfactory dysfunction.
Olfactory bulb height is a reliable, objective biomarker for detecting olfactory dysfunction.
This imaging approach offers a valuable tool for the clinical assessment of olfactory disorders.