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A First NGS Investigation Suggests No Association Between Viruses and Canine Cancers

Diana Giannuzzi1, Luca Aresu2

  • 1Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy.

Frontiers in Veterinary Science
|August 9, 2020
PubMed

Insights

This study explored viral integration in canine cancers, finding viral sequences but no definitive integration sites. Further research and specialized tools are needed to understand the role of viruses in canine tumor development.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Oncology
  • Virology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Viral infections contribute to 10-15% of human cancers, often through integration into the host genome.
  • Viral integration can cause genomic instability, mutations, and aberrations, leading to cancer development.
  • Limited research exists on viral integration in canine cancers, necessitating further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and integration of viruses in various canine cancers using next-generation sequencing data.
  • To identify potential viral contributions to canine tumorigenesis.
  • To highlight the need for advanced analytical tools for canine virome studies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing data from canine lymphomas, hemangiosarcomas, melanomas, and osteosarcomas.
  • Utilized VirusFinder2 software for viral detection and integration site analysis.
  • Examined sequencing data for the presence of viral sequences and their integration into the canine genome.

Main Results:

  • Viral sequences were detected in multiple canine cancer types, including lymphomas, hemangiosarcomas, melanomas, and osteosarcomas.
  • No reliable viral integration sites were identified in the analyzed canine cancer genomes.
  • The study encountered limitations including sequencing depth, available non-human genome software, and limited knowledge of canine endogenous retroviruses.

Conclusions:

  • While viral sequences are present in canine cancers, definitive integration events were not confirmed in this study.
  • Further research and development of dedicated bioinformatics tools are crucial for accurately identifying viral integration sites in canine cancers.
  • Understanding the virome in canine cancers is essential for advancing veterinary oncology, similar to progress seen in feline species.
Keywords:
NGSanimal modelcanine tumorsoncogenesisviral integration

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