Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 12, 2025

Cutoff Value of Phase Angle by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis at Admission as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Acute Heart Failure
Published on: June 10, 2025
Prognostic value of geriatric nutritional risk index in elderly patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis
Hengdong Li1,2, Kaidong Cen1, Weifeng Sun1
1Department of Cardiology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 41 Northwest Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315000, Zhejiang, China.
Background:
Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is a promising tool for predicting nutrition-related complications. This meta-analysis sought to determine the prognostic utility of GNRI in elderly patients with heart failure.
Methods:
We comprehensively searched the PubMed and Embase databases from their inception to July 2019. Original studies investigating the prognostic value of GNRI in patients with heart failure were included. Outcome of interests were all-cause mortality and major cardiovascular events. The prognostic value of GNRI was expressed as risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the lowest versus the highest GNRI category or continuous GNRI analysis.
Results:
Eleven articles (10 studies) involving 10,589 elderly heart failure patients were included. Meta-analysis indicated that heart failure patients with the lowest GNRI had an increased risk of all-cause mortality (RR 2.11; 95% CI 1.72-2.58) and major cardiovascular events (RR 2.00; 95% CI 1.24-3.22) after adjustment for confounding. In addition, each unit reduction in GNRI significantly increased 6% risk of all-cause mortality.
Conclusion:
Lower GNRI independently predicts all-cause mortality and major cardiovascular events in elderly patients with heart failure. Determination of nutritional status using GNRI may improve risk stratification in elderly patients with heart failure.
Related Concept Videos
Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies
Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

