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Related Concept Videos

Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...
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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
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Neurologic infections during pregnancy.

Angela M Curcio1, Priyanka Shekhawat2, Alexandra S Reynolds3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|August 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Pregnancy-related neurologic infections pose risks to mothers and infants. This review covers major infections, their effects, and prevention strategies for better maternal and fetal outcomes.

Keywords:
Neurologic infectionsPerinatalPregnancy

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Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Neurologic infections during pregnancy are a major cause of maternal and fetal illness and death.
  • Pregnancy-induced immunologic changes heighten the risk of brain damage in premature infants.
  • Understanding these infections is crucial for timely intervention and improved outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of neurologic infections affecting pregnant individuals and their infants.
  • To detail the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of key infections.
  • To highlight trimester-specific differences in management and fetal prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current knowledge on neurologic infections in pregnancy.
  • Inclusion of viral (herpes virus, parvovirus, cytomegalovirus, varicella, rubella, Zika), parasitic (toxoplasmosis, malaria), and bacterial (group B streptococcus, listeriosis, syphilis, tuberculosis) pathogens.
  • Emphasis on comparative analysis of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches across different trimesters.

Main Results:

  • Identified key pathogens and their distinct clinical manifestations in pregnant women and neonates.
  • Detailed diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols, noting variations based on gestational stage.
  • Outlined the spectrum of potential neurologic sequelae in affected infants, from developmental delays to seizures and hydrocephalus.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of neurologic infections in pregnancy requires a thorough understanding of specific pathogens and gestational timing.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate, trimester-tailored treatment are essential to minimize maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.
  • Preventive measures and awareness of neurologic sequelae are critical for improving infant health outcomes.