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Strategies and perspectives to develop SARS-CoV-2 detection methods and diagnostics.

Rekha Jalandra1, Amit K Yadav2, Damini Verma3

  • 1Gene Regulation Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, 110067, India; Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie
|August 10, 2020
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Summary

Current research focuses on developing rapid and reliable coronavirus detection methods beyond RNA targets. This review explores alternative techniques like CRISPR and antibody-based diagnostics to meet global COVID-19 testing needs.

Keywords:
COVID-19CoronavirusDiagnosisPCR

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Current diagnostic methods for coronaviruses primarily target viral RNA.
  • Research is expanding to include structural proteins and other viral components for detection.
  • The global demand for accessible and efficient COVID-19 diagnostics necessitates exploring novel approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss diverse detection methods for coronaviruses.
  • To identify and evaluate alternative diagnostic techniques that are reliable, fast, and cost-effective.
  • To address the urgent need for improved COVID-19 diagnostic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing and emerging coronavirus detection technologies.
  • Analysis of techniques including Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), CRISPR technology, antibody-based assays, Molecular Imprinted Polymers (MIP), Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP), and microarray.
  • Comparative assessment of diagnostic performance, speed, and cost-effectiveness.

Main Results:

  • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) remains a widely used method with ongoing improvements.
  • Emerging technologies like CRISPR, antibody detection, MIP, LAMP, and microarray offer promising alternatives.
  • These alternative methods show potential for faster, cheaper, and more accessible coronavirus diagnostics.

Conclusions:

  • A variety of innovative diagnostic techniques beyond RNA detection are under development for coronaviruses.
  • CRISPR, antibody, MIP, LAMP, and microarray technologies present viable options for enhancing COVID-19 diagnostic capabilities.
  • Further research and implementation of these alternative methods are crucial for global health security.