Stevens-Johnson syndrome: a review of the literature

Stevens-Johnson syndrome is both a physically and psychologically devastating disease. This paper primarily deals with the physiological complications of the disease process, but the psychological trauma often associated with such an initially disfiguring disease leaves wounds that are not visible. Constant support of both the patient and the nursing staff is necessary to relieve some of the anxiety associated with this syndrome. Education and reassurance should be as much a part of the treatment process as drug therapy.Although minimal drug therapy is required in the treatment of Stevens-Johnson syndrome, early aggressive management is necessary. Treatment should include management of pain and fluid losses as well as supportive care of the respiratory and ocular complications. It is essential that nutrition be maintained and that treatment of infections is appropriate to the identified cultures. Antacids, H(2) receptor antagonists, or both have proven beneficial in the prevention or reduction of gastrointestinal ulcers. Most important, however, is psychological support of the patient.