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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
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Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

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Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
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Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 12, 2025

A Robust Discovery Platform for the Identification of Novel Mediators of Melanoma Metastasis
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Malignant melanoma: Underlying epigenetic mechanisms.

Hussein Sabit1, Feroze Kaliyadan2, Ritesh G Menezes3

  • 1Department of Genetics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology
|August 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Epigenetic mechanisms, including microRNAs, are crucial in aggressive melanoma. Understanding these epigenetic changes can lead to better diagnostic tools and novel therapeutic strategies for this fatal skin cancer.

Keywords:
EpigeneticsmelanomamicroRNAskin cancertherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Malignant melanoma is an aggressive, fatal skin cancer with increasing incidence.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention are critical for improving patient survival rates.
  • Current therapeutic options for melanoma are limited, necessitating new diagnostic and prognostic tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epigenetic mechanisms underlying melanoma development and progression.
  • To discuss emerging epigenetic-based therapeutic strategies for melanoma.
  • To highlight the role of microRNAs in melanoma pathogenesis and as potential therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epigenetic mechanisms in melanoma.
  • Analysis of the role of microRNAs in gene regulation within malignant cells.
  • Discussion of current and future epigenetic-based treatment modalities.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic alterations are key drivers of melanoma aggressiveness and metastasis.
  • MicroRNAs are significant regulators of cellular processes, including proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in melanoma.
  • Epigenetic modifications offer promising avenues for targeted melanoma therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic insights are vital for developing reliable diagnostic and prognostic tools for melanoma.
  • Targeting epigenetic mechanisms, particularly microRNAs, holds significant therapeutic potential for combating melanoma.
  • Further research into epigenetic regulation is essential for advancing melanoma treatment and improving patient outcomes.