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Observer-Reported Outcomes and Cosmetic Procedures: A Systematic Review
1Both authors are affiliated with The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Summary
Cosmetic procedures improve how others perceive patients, enhancing social and professional attributes beyond physical appearance. This review highlights observer-reported outcomes (OROs) in head and neck aesthetic interventions.
Area of Science:
- Medical Aesthetics
- Psychosocial Impact of Interventions
- Observer-Reported Outcomes
Background:
- Cosmetic procedures offer benefits for appearance, self-image, and quality of life.
- Emerging research indicates additional advantages through observer-reported outcomes (OROs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review evidence on observer-reported outcomes (OROs) following cosmetic procedures of the head and neck.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library.
- Inclusion of 24 original investigations encompassing diverse cosmetic interventions.
- Analysis of 686 patients and 8,257 observer evaluations.
Main Results:
- Forty-one distinct OROs were identified and categorized into aesthetics/wellness, social capacities, and skills/competencies.
- Significant improvements were noted in perceived age, attractiveness, sociability, relationship success, and occupational/financial competency.
- Observer perceptions of enhanced competence and social skills were consistently reported post-intervention.
Conclusions:
- Cosmetic interventions yield tertiary benefits via improved observer perceptions, complementing anatomical and patient-reported outcomes.
- Findings can inform patient consultations regarding risk-benefit assessments.
- Highlights the need for further research into longitudinal observer-reported outcomes.
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