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Updated: Dec 12, 2025

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Multimodal neuroimaging in anorexia nervosa.

Vincenzo Alfano1, Giulia Mele1, Armando Cotugno2

  • 1IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy.

Journal of Neuroscience Research
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Summary

Neuroimaging studies reveal widespread brain changes in anorexia nervosa (AN), involving key areas like the insula and cortex. These structural and functional alterations highlight diffuse cerebral vulnerability and offer insights into AN recovery.

Keywords:
anorexia nervosabrain networkselectroencephalographygray matterneuroimagingwhite matter

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder with complex neurobiological underpinnings.
  • Understanding the neurobiological basis of AN is crucial for developing effective treatments.
  • Previous reviews have not comprehensively covered neuroimaging and electroencephalographic findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review neurostructural and neurofunctional data on anorexia nervosa from 2010-2019.
  • To organize findings by neuroimaging technique, including electroencephalography (EEG).
  • To identify key brain structures and pathways involved in AN pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of neuroimaging studies (MRI, fMRI, PET, etc.) and EEG studies.
  • Data collection focused on studies published between 2010 and 2019.
  • Categorization of results based on neuroimaging modality.

Main Results:

  • Evidence of diffuse cerebral vulnerability in individuals with AN.
  • Significant structural and functional alterations identified in the insula, cingulate cortex, parietal, and frontal areas.
  • Consistent findings of impaired white matter integrity and altered brain electrical activity (EEG).

Conclusions:

  • Neuroimaging provides substantial insights into the pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa.
  • Identified alterations in brain structure, function, and electrical activity are key to understanding AN.
  • Findings suggest that some neurobiological processes in AN may be reversible, aiding in treatment and recovery.