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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Rational drug product design integrates knowledge of the drug’s physicochemical properties, formulation components, manufacturing techniques, and intended route of administration. Each factor influences the drug’s performance, including how it is released, absorbed, and eliminated in the body.The physicochemical properties of a drug—such as solubility, stability, and particle size—affect its compatibility with excipients and the choice of dosage form. Excipients, though...
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Engineered Live Biotherapeutics: Progress and Challenges.

Yang Tan1, Juntao Shen1, Tong Si1,2

  • 1CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.

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|August 10, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Engineered live biotherapeutics leverage synthetic biology to manipulate the human microbiome for treating diseases. This review covers strategies like engineered bacteria, microbial consortia, and phages for therapeutic applications.

Keywords:
engineered commensal bacteriahuman diseaseslive biotherapeuticsphagessynthetic microbial consortia

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Synthetic Biology
  • Biotherapeutics

Background:

  • The human microbiome is crucial for health, influencing metabolism and immunity.
  • Synthetic biology advances enable engineering microorganisms for therapeutic use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review strategies for microbiome manipulation using engineered live biotherapeutics.
  • To highlight therapeutic applications in various human diseases.
  • To discuss future challenges and opportunities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of major strategies for microbiome manipulation.
  • Focus on engineered commensal bacteria, synthetic microbial consortia, and phage therapy.
  • Examination of applications in disease treatment.

Main Results:

  • Engineered live biotherapeutics offer promising therapeutic avenues.
  • Key strategies include engineered bacteria, consortia, and phages.
  • Applications span infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, IBD, and colorectal cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered live biotherapeutics represent a rapidly advancing field with significant therapeutic potential.
  • Overcoming challenges is key to realizing the full potential of these engineered organisms.
  • Future developments promise novel treatments for a range of human diseases.