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Chitosan-BaTiO3 nanostructured piezopolymer for tissue engineering.

Evgen Prokhorov1, Gabriel Luna Bárcenas1, Beatriz Liliana España Sánchez2

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Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces
|August 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

We developed a biocompatible piezopolymer from chitosan and hydroxylated barium titanate nanoparticles. This material shows enhanced piezoelectric properties and promotes cell growth, making it suitable for biomedical applications.

Keywords:
BaTiO(3) nanoparticlesBiocompatibilityChitosanNanocompositesPiezoelectric

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Piezoelectric materials are crucial for biomedical applications.
  • Chitosan (CS) is a biocompatible polymer with potential for piezoelectric composites.
  • Barium titanate (BTO) nanoparticles offer piezoelectric properties but can exhibit toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a novel piezopolymer nanocomposite using chitosan and hydroxylated barium titanate (OH-BTO) nanoparticles.
  • To evaluate the biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and piezoelectric behavior of the CS/OH-BTO nanocomposite for biomedical use.
  • To investigate the role of nanoparticle hydroxylation in material performance and biological response.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of CS/OH-BTO nanocomposites.
  • Characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy.
  • In vitro cytotoxicity assays using human fibroblasts (HF) cells.

Main Results:

  • The CS/OH-BTO nanocomposites exhibited a piezoelectric coefficient (d33 = 11.29 pC/N), falling between that of dry skin and bone.
  • Hydroxylation of BTO nanoparticles prevented agglomeration and enhanced biocompatibility.
  • CS/OH-BTO films showed no adverse effects on HF cell viability across a range of nanoparticle concentrations (1-30 wt.%).
  • Non-hydroxylated BTO NPs induced significant cell damage due to agglomeration.

Conclusions:

  • CS/OH-BTO nanocomposites possess excellent biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and piezoelectric properties.
  • Hydroxylation of BTO nanoparticles is critical for achieving enhanced biocompatibility and preventing cytotoxicity.
  • These nanocomposites show promise as active materials for promoting cell growth in biomedical applications.