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[Phenotypic plasticity: a brief introduction].

Jean-Michel Gibert1

  • 1Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7622, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement (IBPS-LBD), 75005 Paris, France.

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Phenotypic plasticity allows genotypes to adapt to changing environments, impacting evolution and various fields like medicine. Understanding these environmental influences on phenotype is key.

Keywords:
evolutionmechanismsmécanismesphenotypic plasticityplasticité phénotypiqueévolution

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genetics
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Phenotypic plasticity is the ability of a genotype to express different phenotypes based on environmental conditions.
  • This adaptability has significant implications across agriculture, animal husbandry, and medicine.
  • It is also a crucial factor considered to facilitate evolutionary processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce major concepts in phenotypic plasticity.
  • To briefly present the underlying mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity.
  • To discuss the relationship between phenotypic plasticity and evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on phenotypic plasticity.
  • Analysis of laboratory experiments investigating environmental influences on phenotype.
  • Conceptual synthesis of plasticity mechanisms and evolutionary links.

Main Results:

  • Phenotypic plasticity is a widespread phenomenon observed in natural populations.
  • Laboratory studies have enhanced understanding of how environmental factors induce phenotypic variation.
  • The mechanisms driving phenotypic plasticity are increasingly being elucidated.

Conclusions:

  • Phenotypic plasticity is fundamental to understanding adaptation and evolution.
  • Further research into plasticity mechanisms can inform applications in agronomy, animal husbandry, and medicine.
  • The interplay between genotype, environment, and phenotype is central to evolutionary theory.