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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Goiter01:27

Goiter

Goiter refers to an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland that may appear as a diffuse goiter (uniform enlargement) or nodular (single or multiple nodules). Functionally, it is classified as nontoxic (normal/low hormone levels) or toxic (excess hormone production).PathophysiologyDiffuse thyroid enlargement typically results from prolonged stimulation by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or TSH-like agents, commonly seen in hypothyroidism or iodine deficiency. In contrast, in hyperthyroid...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

Substernal Thyroid Biopsy Using Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration
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Ectopic thyroid as multiple nodules in bilateral lung lobes: a case report.

Ling Cheng1, Xudong Jiang1, Yueqiang Jiang1

  • 1Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.

Gland Surgery
|August 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This case report details intrapulmonary thyroid tissue discovered incidentally in a patient

Keywords:
Ectopic thyroidcase reportpulmonary nodule

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Ectopic thyroid tissue is rare, particularly within the thoracic cavity and lungs.
  • Diagnosis of intrapulmonary nodules requires differentiation from metastatic disease.

Observation:

  • A 37-year-old female presented with multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules on computed tomography (CT) scan.
  • A percutaneous lung biopsy was performed to exclude metastatic cancer.

Findings:

  • Histopathological examination confirmed the pulmonary nodules were ectopic thyroid tissue.
  • The patient had no history of thyroid malignancy and normal thyroid function tests.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering ectopic thyroid tissue in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.
  • Careful diagnosis and long-term follow-up are crucial for managing this rare condition.
  • The findings underscore the need for clinical consensus on managing bilateral intrapulmonary ectopic thyroid nodules.