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Updated: Dec 12, 2025

Neuronavigation and Laparoscopy Guided Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Insertion for the Treatment of Hydrocephalus

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Published on: October 14, 2022

Update on Shunt Surgery.

Tim R Glowka¹, Jörg C Kalff¹, Steffen Manekeller¹

¹Department of Surgery, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

Visceral Medicine

|August 11, 2020

Summary

Esophagogastric variceal bleeding is a serious complication of portal hypertension. Treatment depends on liver function and portosystemic anatomy, with options including medical therapy, shunts, or transplantation.

Keywords:

Cirrhosis Esophageal varices Portal hypertension Portal/mesenteric vein thrombosis Surgical portocaval shunt

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Grade III Varicocele Surgical Treatment using Spermatic Vein-Superficial Abdominal Vein Shunt

Grade III Varicocele Surgical Treatment using Spermatic Vein-Superficial Abdominal Vein Shunt

Published on: August 23, 2024

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Interventional Radiology
Surgical Procedures

Background:

Esophagogastric variceal bleeding is a life-threatening complication of portal hypertension.
Affects 15% of patients with portal hypertension, carrying a 20-35% mortality rate.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline therapeutic strategies for managing bleeding from esophagogastric varices.
To emphasize the importance of considering liver function and portosystemic anatomy in treatment selection.

Main Methods:

Review of current medical and interventional therapies for variceal bleeding.
Discussion of surgical shunt options and devascularization procedures.
Consideration of liver transplantation as a causal therapy for decompensated cirrhosis.

Main Results:

Medical therapy is the primary treatment for variceal bleeding.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is widely accepted, with comparable or superior evidence for surgical shunts in patients with good hepatic reserve.
Surgical shunt type is determined by portomesenteric venous system patency; devascularization may be indicated for total occlusion.

Conclusions:

Therapeutic decisions for variceal bleeding must be individualized based on liver function, portovenous system morphology, and transplant candidacy.
An interdisciplinary team approach involving gastroenterologists, interventional radiologists, and gastrointestinal surgeons is crucial for optimal patient management.