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Updated: Dec 12, 2025
Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation in Gastrointestinal Cancer
Published on: September 18, 2020
Current perspectives on the dysregulated microRNAs in gastric cancer
Shirin Azarbarzin1, Reza Safaralizadeh2, Mahdi Banan Khojasteh1
1Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Abstract:
Since gastric cancer (GC) is diagnosed at advanced stages, the survival rate is low in affected people. In this regard, investigating the mechanisms underlying GC development, are so critical. MiRNAs, which are small non coding RNAs, as a post transcriptional repressor, regulate expression of target genes by stimulating breakage or transcription suppression of their targets therefore aberrant expression of miRNAs leading to GC carcinogenesis. In the last decades, there have been various studies approving the pivotal role of miRNAs in various phases of GC development including cancer initiation, proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and drug resistance. Therefore, the present review aimed at summarizing the dysregulated miRNAs which contribute to various cellular and developmental mechanisms such as, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and angiogenesis. Moreover, it provides an overview on novel miRNAs involved in drug resistance and circular miRNAs as cancer biomarkers. Thereafter, it is hoped that the present study will shed more light on diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of GC, and potential GC treatments based on miRNAs.
Insights
Investigating microRNAs (miRNAs) is crucial for understanding gastric cancer (GC) development. This review summarizes how altered miRNAs impact GC progression and offers insights into novel biomarkers and treatments.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Gastric cancer (GC) often presents at advanced stages, leading to poor patient survival rates.
- Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving GC development is critical for improving outcomes.
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and are implicated in carcinogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of dysregulated miRNAs in gastric cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis.
- To summarize the involvement of miRNAs in key cellular processes like proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis.
- To provide an overview of novel miRNAs in drug resistance and circular miRNAs as potential biomarkers for GC.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating miRNA involvement in gastric cancer.
- Synthesis of findings on miRNA dysregulation across various stages of GC development.
- Analysis of research on miRNAs related to GC drug resistance and biomarker potential.
Main Results:
- Aberrant miRNA expression is a key driver in various phases of GC, including initiation, proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and apoptosis.
- Specific miRNAs are linked to resistance to chemotherapy and other anti-cancer drugs.
- Circular miRNAs show promise as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for GC.
Conclusions:
- Dysregulated miRNAs play a significant role in the pathogenesis and progression of gastric cancer.
- MiRNAs represent potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for early detection and treatment of GC.
- Further research into miRNA-based diagnostics and therapeutics could significantly improve GC patient outcomes.
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