The impact of chronic kidney disease on outcomes following peripheral vascular intervention

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have worsened clinical outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention; however, limited evidence exists in patients undergoing peripheral vascular intervention (PVI).

We aimed to assess the effect of CKD on outcomes following PVI for symptomatic peripheral artery disease.

Using patients from the LIBERTY 360 study, we compared the rates of 30 day and 1 year major adverse vascular events (MAVE), a composite of all-cause mortality, major amputation, and target vessel/lesion revascularization, between patients with and without CKD (estimated glomular filtration rate less than 60) following PVI. Multivariable adjustment was performed to assess for independent association between CKD and outcomes.

Among 1189 patients enrolled, 378 patients (31.8%) had CKD. At 1 year, patients with CKD had higher rates of MAVE (34.6% vs 25.6%), all-cause mortality (11.9% vs 5.5%), and major amputation (5.9% vs 2.6%) when compared with patients without CKD (all P < .05). After adjustment, patients with CKD had higher risks of 1-year MAVE (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.04-1.64; P = .023) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.22-2.91; P = .005) when compared with patients without CKD. There was no statistically significant difference in risk of major amputations (HR 1.70, 95% CI 0.91-3.17; P = .094).

Despite high procedural success and low amputation rates, patients with CKD remain at greater risk for MAVE and all-cause mortality after PVI. Further research is needed to determine treatment strategies to mitigate substantial mortality risk in this vulnerable population.