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Nosocomial Achromobacter xylosoxidans infections
1Department of Pathology, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York 11501.
Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology
|February 1, 1988
Summary
Achromobacter xylosoxidans is an emerging nosocomial pathogen, particularly in immunocompromised patients. This antibiotic-resistant, water-borne bacterium requires strict infection control measures and specific empirical treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Hospital Epidemiology
Background:
- Achromobacter xylosoxidans is increasingly recognized as a significant nosocomial pathogen.
- Immunocompromised patients, often undergoing chemotherapy, are at higher risk for these infections.
- The organism's resistance to antibiotics and disinfectants facilitates its establishment in hospital environments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the growing threat of Achromobacter xylosoxidans in healthcare settings.
- To emphasize the need for robust infection control strategies.
- To provide guidance on empirical treatment for Achromobacter xylosoxidans infections.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on Achromobacter xylosoxidans epidemiology and resistance patterns.
- Analysis of clinical significance and hospital environmental factors.
- Review of current treatment guidelines and antibiotic susceptibility.
Main Results:
- Achromobacter xylosoxidans poses a serious risk due to its inherent resistance.
- Hospital water systems are a potential reservoir for this pathogen.
- Effective infection control and appropriate empirical therapy are crucial.
Conclusions:
- Achromobacter xylosoxidans infections represent a significant challenge in nosocomial settings.
- Proactive infection control measures are essential to mitigate outbreaks.
- Empirical treatment with third-generation cephalosporins and TMP-SMX is recommended pending susceptibility results.