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Related Experiment Video

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Does Nasal Secretion Decrease in Sjögren Syndrome and Does This Affect Nasal Function?

Erdem Eren1, Koray Balcı1, Önay Gerçik2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Izmir Atatürk Research and Education Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.

The Laryngoscope
|August 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Sjögren syndrome causes nasal dryness in patients, confirmed by the intranasal Schirmer test. This dryness, however, did not impact olfactory function or mucociliary clearance in the study.

Keywords:
Sjögrenintranasal Schirmernasal humidityolfaction

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Area of Science:

  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Sjögren syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by exocrine gland dysfunction.
  • Previous research on the effects of Sjögren syndrome on nasal mucosa has been limited and contradictory.
  • Objective assessment of nasal mucosal changes and their impact on olfaction in Sjögren syndrome is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To objectively assess nasal dryness in patients with Sjögren syndrome.
  • To investigate the relationship between nasal dryness and olfactory function in Sjögren syndrome patients.
  • To evaluate mucociliary clearance in individuals with Sjögren syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 34 primary Sjögren syndrome patients and 21 age/sex-matched controls.
  • Nasal cavity dryness assessed using the intranasal Schirmer test.
  • Olfactory function evaluated with the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center test.
  • Mucociliary clearance measured via saccharin test and peak nasal inspiratory flowmetry.

Main Results:

  • Sjögren syndrome patients demonstrated significantly lower intranasal Schirmer test scores, indicating nasal dryness (P=.041 and P=.016).
  • Significant differences were observed in nasal dryness (P=.001) and postnasal drip (P=.04) in Sjögren syndrome patients compared to controls.
  • A decrease in smell perception was noted in Sjögren syndrome patients (P=.005), though overall olfactory function and mucociliary clearance did not differ between groups.

Conclusions:

  • The intranasal Schirmer test objectively confirms nasal cavity dryness in Sjögren syndrome patients, providing a valuable tool for monitoring.
  • Despite objective nasal dryness, olfactory function was not significantly impaired in the study cohort.
  • Further research may explore the subtle effects on smell and the correlation between nasal dryness and olfactory function.