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This review systematically classifies dual-emission (DE) phenomena into three types: DE1, DE2, and DE3. It provides insights into DE mechanisms for materials science, aiding future material design.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Photochemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Dual-emission (DE) materials are of significant interest for diverse applications.
  • A systematic classification and overview of DE phenomena and mechanisms are currently lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically classify dual-emission phenomena.
  • To provide an overview of underlying DE mechanisms relevant to materials science.
  • To inspire targeted design of novel DE materials.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of DE phenomena into three categories: DE1 (one emitter, two states), DE2 (two independent emitters), and DE3 (two correlated emitters).
  • Description of relevant DE mechanisms, including electronic and geometrical conditions.
  • Compilation of references for detailed mechanistic insights and applications.

Main Results:

  • Established a clear classification system for DE phenomena (DE1, DE2, DE3).
  • Summarized key DE mechanisms and their associated conditions in materials science.
  • Provided a curated list of references for further exploration.

Conclusions:

  • The systematic classification resolves ambiguities in understanding DE phenomena.
  • This review serves as a foundational resource for researchers in the field.
  • Facilitates the rational design and development of advanced dual-emission materials.