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Hypophosphatemia and Outcomes in ICU: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Jeremy Cheuk Kin Sin1,2, Lillian King1,2, Emma Ballard3

  • 1Intensive Care Unit, 60077Redcliffe Hospital, Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia.

Journal of Intensive Care Medicine
|August 14, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Hypophosphatemia in intensive care units (ICUs) increases hospital and ICU length of stay but does not significantly impact mortality. This condition may indicate greater disease severity in critically ill patients.

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Electrolyte Imbalance
  • Clinical Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Hypophosphatemia affects a significant portion of hospitalized and critically ill patients.
  • The clinical implications of hypophosphatemia in intensive care unit (ICU) settings are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between hypophosphatemia and patient outcomes in the ICU.
  • Specifically evaluated the impact on mortality and length of hospital and ICU stay.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PubMed).
  • Included 12 studies encompassing 7626 participants.
  • Primary outcome: mortality; Secondary outcome: length of stay. Study quality assessed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Main Results:

  • Hypophosphatemia was linked to a significant increase in hospital length of stay (2.19 days) and ICU length of stay (2.22 days).
  • No statistically significant association was found between hypophosphatemia and increased mortality (Risk Ratio: 1.13, P = .09).

Conclusions:

  • Hypophosphatemia in ICU patients correlates with extended hospital and ICU stays.
  • It is suggested that hypophosphatemia may serve as a marker for disease severity.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the impact of severe hypophosphatemia on mortality due to limitations in current studies.
Keywords:
hypophosphatemiaintensive carelength of staymeta-analysismortalitysystematic review

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