Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

32.6K
Overview
32.6K
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

50.6K
Overview
50.6K
Affinity and Avidity01:41

Affinity and Avidity

38.1K
Overview
38.1K
Antibody Actions01:26

Antibody Actions

2.1K
Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
2.1K
Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

14.5K
Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
14.5K
Active versus Passive Immunity01:31

Active versus Passive Immunity

9.5K
Immunity, along with the ability to limit pathogen growth to prevent significant body tissue damage, can be gained either by (1) actively developing an immune response within the individual after exposure to a pathogen or after getting vaccinated or (2) passively transferring immune components from an immune individual to one who is nonimmune. Both these forms of immunity can be found naturally and in medical practices.
Active Immunity
Active immunity refers to the resistance one develops...
9.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Safety of a tetravalent live dengue virus vaccine in children responding to one serotype only.

JCI insight·2026
Same author

Development of seropositivity to SARS-CoV-2 over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents in a longitudinal cohort study in Cebu, Philippines.

PLOS global public health·2026
Same author

Dengue therapeutics consortium 2025: a global collaboration in action.

BMJ public health·2026
Same author

Delivering safe dengue vaccines.

The Lancet. Global health·2024
Same author

Dengue virus IgG and serotype-specific neutralizing antibody titers measured with standard and mature viruses are associated with protection.

Research square·2024
Same author

Three Dengue Vaccines - What Now?

The New England journal of medicine·2024
Same journal

Retraction of: Tracking Plasmodium knowlesi Through Fecal DNA for Monitoring Zoonotic Transmission in Wild Macaques Across Southeast and South Asia.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2026
Same journal

Can malaria induce loss of vaccine immunity.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2026
Same journal

NET-inducing ability of Cutibacterium acnes clinical isolates is associated with pathogenicity in acne vulgaris.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2026
Same journal

Optimizing the Use of Proviral DNA HIV Drug Resistance Testing: Clinical Applications and Cautions.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2026
Same journal

Monitoring HLA-A2-restricted T cell responses and BCLA-specific serostatus during human latent Toxoplasma gondii infection suggests the implication of CD8+ T cells in parasite containment.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2026
Same journal

Cryptosporidiosis in Ptients with Inborn Errors of Immunity: Retrospective cohort study of the French National Reference Center (CEREDIH).

The Journal of infectious diseases·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 12, 2025

Quantification of Antibody-dependent Enhancement of the Zika Virus in Primary Human Cells
07:53

Quantification of Antibody-dependent Enhancement of the Zika Virus in Primary Human Cells

Published on: January 18, 2019

9.1K

COVID-19 Vaccines: Should We Fear ADE?

Scott B Halstead1, Leah Katzelnick2,3

  • 1Independent Consultant, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|August 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

COVID-19 vaccines are unlikely to cause antibody-dependent enhanced (ADE) infections. Coronavirus diseases differ significantly from ADE-causing illnesses like dengue, suggesting COVID-19 vaccines are safe.

Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2T cellsantibody-dependent enhancement (ADE)coronavirusdenguedengue hemorrhagic feverhypersensitivityimmunopathologyvaccinevaccine adverse events

More Related Videos

A Simple Flow Cytometry Based Assay to Determine In Vitro Antibody Dependent Enhancement of Dengue Virus Using Zika Virus Convalescent Serum
07:06

A Simple Flow Cytometry Based Assay to Determine In Vitro Antibody Dependent Enhancement of Dengue Virus Using Zika Virus Convalescent Serum

Published on: April 10, 2018

9.0K
Dynamic Monitoring of Seroconversion using a Multianalyte Immunobead Assay for Covid-19
08:48

Dynamic Monitoring of Seroconversion using a Multianalyte Immunobead Assay for Covid-19

Published on: February 16, 2022

3.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 12, 2025

Quantification of Antibody-dependent Enhancement of the Zika Virus in Primary Human Cells
07:53

Quantification of Antibody-dependent Enhancement of the Zika Virus in Primary Human Cells

Published on: January 18, 2019

9.1K
A Simple Flow Cytometry Based Assay to Determine In Vitro Antibody Dependent Enhancement of Dengue Virus Using Zika Virus Convalescent Serum
07:06

A Simple Flow Cytometry Based Assay to Determine In Vitro Antibody Dependent Enhancement of Dengue Virus Using Zika Virus Convalescent Serum

Published on: April 10, 2018

9.0K
Dynamic Monitoring of Seroconversion using a Multianalyte Immunobead Assay for Covid-19
08:48

Dynamic Monitoring of Seroconversion using a Multianalyte Immunobead Assay for Covid-19

Published on: February 16, 2022

3.2K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Concerns exist regarding potential antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of COVID-19 breakthrough infections following vaccination.
  • ADE is a phenomenon where antibodies enhance viral entry into cells, leading to more severe disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the likelihood of COVID-19 vaccines inducing antibody-dependent enhanced (ADE) breakthrough infections.
  • To compare the characteristics of coronavirus diseases with known ADE-associated viral diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of clinical, epidemiological, biological, and pathological features of COVID-19, SARS, MERS, and dengue virus (DENV) infections.
  • Review of animal studies involving SARS and MERS vaccines and subsequent live virus challenge.

Main Results:

  • Human coronavirus diseases (including COVID-19) lack the defining attributes of ADE seen in DENV infections.
  • SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV primarily infect respiratory epithelium, unlike DENV which targets macrophages.
  • Severe COVID-19 predominantly affects older individuals with comorbidities, not infants or those with prior coronavirus exposure.
  • Animal studies with SARS and MERS vaccines showed vaccine hypersensitivity reactions (VAH), not ADE.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 vaccines are unlikely to cause antibody-dependent enhanced (ADE) breakthrough infections due to fundamental differences between coronaviruses and ADE-associated viruses.
  • Vaccine hypersensitivity reactions (VAH) observed in animal models highlight the importance of developing COVID-19 vaccines that avoid such responses.