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Related Concept Videos

Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling01:11

Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling

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The reaction of weakly electrophilic aryldiazonium (also called arenediazonium) salts with highly activated aromatic compounds leads to the formation of products with an —N=N— link, called an azo linkage. This reaction, presented in Figure 1, is known as diazo coupling and occurs without the loss of the nitrogen atoms of the aryldiazonium salt. Highly activated aromatic compounds such as phenols or arylamines favor the diazo coupling reaction. The coupling generally occurs at the para...
3.5K
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism01:37

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism

4.5K
Nitrous acid is a relatively weak and unstable acid prepared in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite and cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. In an acidic solution, the nitrous acid undergoes protonation when it loses water to form a nitrosonium ion—an electrophile. Nitrous acid reacts with primary amines to give diazonium salts. The reaction is called diazotization of primary amines.
4.5K
Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

3.2K
Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
3.2K
P-N junction01:11

P-N junction

968
A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...
968
¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

2.4K
The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
2.4K
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview01:26

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview

3.7K
Nitrous acid and nitric acids are two types of acids containing nitrogen, among which nitrous acid is weaker than nitric acid. Nitrous acid with a pKa value of 3.37 ionizes in water to give a nitrite ion and the hydronium ion.
The nitrous acid is unstable. Hence, it is formed in situ from a solution of sodium nitrite and cold aqueous acids such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. In an acidic solution, the –OH group of nitrous acid undergoes protonation to give oxonium ion, followed by...
3.7K

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All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics
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Long-Range Charge Transport in Diazonium-Based Single-Molecule Junctions.

Xinlei Yao1, Xiaonan Sun1, Frédéric Lafolet1

  • 1Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS-UMR 7086, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France.

Nano Letters
|August 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Single-molecule junctions of cobalt and ruthenium oligomers show resonant charge transport, with conductance varying by metal type. Three distinct transport mechanisms were observed, aligning with large-area junction results.

Keywords:
diazonium electroreductionhoppingmolecular electronicssingle-molecule junctionstunneling

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular electronics
  • Nanoscale charge transport
  • Conducting polymers

Background:

  • Polypyridyl-oligomers are promising for molecular electronics.
  • Understanding charge transport mechanisms in single-molecule junctions is crucial for device development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate charge transport properties in single-molecule junctions (SMJs) using cobalt and ruthenium polypyridyl-oligomers.
  • To compare transport mechanisms and their dependence on molecular structure and metal contacts.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of single-molecule junctions (SMJs) using thin layers of cobalt and ruthenium polypyridyl-oligomers on gold via electrochemical reduction.
  • Utilizing scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to create and probe SMJs.
  • Analyzing charge transport properties, including conductance and attenuation factor (β).

Main Results:

  • Au-[Co(tpy)2]-Au SMJs exhibited length-independent charge transport with a low attenuation factor (β ≈ 0.19 nm⁻¹), suggesting resonant charge transport.
  • SMJ conductance decreased significantly (one order of magnitude) when switching from cobalt to ruthenium.
  • Au-[Ru(tpy)2]-Au and Au-[Ru(bpy)3]-Au SMJs showed a transition from direct tunneling to hopping, evidenced by a break in the β-plot.

Conclusions:

  • Three distinct charge transport mechanisms (resonant tunneling, direct tunneling, hopping) were identified in SMJs.
  • These mechanisms act as molecular signatures, influencing transport behavior.
  • Observed phenomena in SMJs are consistent with results from large-area molecular junctions, validating the findings.