Phase Transition Photodetection in Charge Density Wave Tantalum Disulfide

The charge density wave (CDW) phase is a macroscopic quantum state with periodic charge density modulation accompanied by periodic lattice distortion in low-dimensional metals. External fields, such as an electric field and optical excitation, can trigger the transitions among different CDW states, leaving an under-explored mechanism and attracting great interest toward optoelectronic applications. Here, we explore a photoinduced phase transition in 1T-TaS₂ under an electrical field. By analyzing the phase transition probability, we obtained a linear dependence of the phase transition barrier on the electric field and laser energy density. Additionally, the threshold laser energy for the phase transition decreases linearly with an increasing applied electrical field. Finally, picojoule photodetection was realized in the visible and near-infrared ranges near the CDW transition edge. Our work will promote the understanding of the CDW phase transition mechanism as well as open pathways for optoelectronic applications.